Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics across Diverse Domains: A Comprehensive Review of Emerging Technologies, Applications, Decision-Making, Optimization, Governance, and Future Directions

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and data analytics are revolutionizing decision-making, efficiency, and innovation in various industries. The subject of this review is the origins of AI, big data analytics, new computational technologies, and the ways those technologies are used in healthcare, education, agriculture, finance and manufacturing. It delves into the aspects of AI-driven decision-making, process optimization, ethical governance, privacy, security, and implementation challenges. The limitations of the data, models, computational costs, and organizational readiness are also discussed, along with opportunities for future research that focus on responsible, reliable, and effective technology for data-driven solutions in diverse areas, including the development of explainable AI techniques, privacy protection, sustainable computing, and inclusive technology development.